IMPORTANT YEARS IN NCERT:-
1731 – Many people of the Bishnoi community sacrifice their lives saving trees (Jodhpur)
1770 – Priestley’s experiment by Bell Jar, Mice & Mint plant, Candle.
1774 – Discovery of oxygen by Joseph Priestley
1838 – Matthias Schleiden-Cell Theory
1829 – Theodore Schwann- Cell Theory
1850 – Before industrialization => more white wing Moth
1854 – Julius von Sachs proved that glucose is formed in photosynthesis & stored as starch.
1855 – “Omnis cellula cellula” by Rudolf Virchow & complete the cell theory.
1856 – 1863 Mendel work on garden pea.
1860 – Hydroponics technique developed by Julie Von Sache
s.
1865 – Mendel publishes his work
on the inheritance of character
1866 – Down’s Syndrome discovered by Langdon Down.
1869 – DNA as an acidic substance was 1st identified by Friedrich Meischer & termed a “Nuclein”
1891 – Fossils of Java man discovered in Java
– Henking discovered X-body (X-chromosome) in insects. (XO- type sex determination)
1892 – Discovery of TMV by D.J. Ivanowsky
1898 – M.W. Beijerinck demonstrated the infectious nature of TMV
– Discovery of Golgi Body by Camillo Golgi.
1900 – Rediscovery of Mendel’s work by —> • Hugo de Vries
• Karl Currency
• Tschemark
1902 – Chromosomal theory of inheritance given by Sutton & Bovery.
1905 – Law of limiting factors for plants given by Blackman
1920 – After Industrialisation => more black moth
1928 – Frederick Griffith’s Transformation experiment on Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria
1933 – 1944 – Avery, Macleod McCarty used the transformation principle of Griffith’s experiment & concluded that DNA is the genetic material.
1938 – Coelacanth/Lobe Fines caught in South Africa —> Ancestor of amphibia.
1947 – At the time of our independence India’s population, was approximately
350 million.
1950 – Electron microscope invention
– Tissue culture started
1951 – Family planning was initiated
1952 – Hershey & Chase experiment more correctly proved that DNA ie genetic material [ #unquivocalproof ]
1953 – Discovery of the ribosome by George Palade.
– S.L Miller Experiment of evolution.
– Double helical structure model of DNA given by Watson & Crick.
1958 – Matthew Meselson of Franklin Stahl experiment (E. coli in NH4CI medium) proved that DNA replication is semiconservative )
– Taylor study on Vicia faba plant (used radioactive thymidine and proved semiconservative nature of DNA)
1960 – Green Revolution.
1963 – Restriction endonuclease isolated from E. coli.
______________________________
1963 – Wheat varieties Sonalika f Kalyan Sona (High yield & Disease resistant ) introduced in INDIA.
1966 – Derived semi-dwarf varieties of rice introduced in India.
1969 – R.H. Whittaker proposed FIVE-KINGDOM Classification
1971 – Discovery of viroids by T.O. Diener
– Govt. of India legalised MTP.
1972 – Fluid Mosaic Model of the plasma membrane by Singer & Nicolson
– 1st recombinant DNA developed by Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer
– National Committee for environmental planning and Coordination was established.
– Wildlife protection act in India.
1974 – Water Act. & also Chipko movement
1980 – Joint Forest movement
1981 – Air act.
– AIDS was fired reported
– Intrinsic growth rate of India (r= 0.0205)
1983 – Eli Lilly American company human Insulin from E. coli.
1984 – Bhopal Tragedy
– Ministry of Environment and Forest.
1986 – Environment Act (NEPA)
1987 – Noise included in air pollution
– Montreal protocol (Canada)
1988 – National Forest Policy
1989 – Montreal Protocol became effective.
1990 – Delhi ranked 4th among 41 most polluted cities.
1990 – First clinical gene therapy was given to 14 yr old girl with ADA deficiency eye.
**Human Genome Project (HGP) launched**
1770 – Priestley’s experiment by Bell Jar, Mice & Mint plant, Candle.
1774 – Discovery of oxygen by Joseph Priestley
1838 – Matthias Schleiden-Cell Theory
1829 – Theodore Schwann- Cell Theory
1850 – Before industrialization => more white wing Moth
1854 – Julius von Sachs proved that glucose is formed in photosynthesis & stored as starch.
1855 – “Omnis cellula cellula” by Rudolf Virchow & complete the cell theory.
1856 – 1863 Mendel work on garden pea.
1860 – Hydroponics technique developed by Julie Von Sache
s.
1865 – Mendel publishes his work
on the inheritance of character
1866 – Down’s Syndrome discovered by Langdon Down.
1869 – DNA as an acidic substance was 1st identified by Friedrich Meischer & termed a “Nuclein”
1891 – Fossils of Java man discovered in Java
– Henking discovered X-body (X-chromosome) in insects. (XO- type sex determination)
1892 – Discovery of TMV by D.J. Ivanowsky
1898 – M.W. Beijerinck demonstrated the infectious nature of TMV
– Discovery of Golgi Body by Camillo Golgi.
1900 – Rediscovery of Mendel’s work by —> • Hugo de Vries
• Karl Currency
• Tschemark
1902 – Chromosomal theory of inheritance given by Sutton & Bovery.
1905 – Law of limiting factors for plants given by Blackman
1920 – After Industrialisation => more black moth
1928 – Frederick Griffith’s Transformation experiment on Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria
1933 – 1944 – Avery, Macleod McCarty used the transformation principle of Griffith’s experiment & concluded that DNA is the genetic material.
1938 – Coelacanth/Lobe Fines caught in South Africa —> Ancestor of amphibia.
1947 – At the time of our independence India’s population, was approximately
350 million.
1950 – Electron microscope invention
– Tissue culture started
1951 – Family planning was initiated
1952 – Hershey & Chase experiment more correctly proved that DNA ie genetic material [ #unquivocalproof ]
1953 – Discovery of the ribosome by George Palade.
– S.L Miller Experiment of evolution.
– Double helical structure model of DNA given by Watson & Crick.
1958 – Matthew Meselson of Franklin Stahl experiment (E. coli in NH4CI medium) proved that DNA replication is semiconservative )
– Taylor study on Vicia faba plant (used radioactive thymidine and proved semiconservative nature of DNA)
1960 – Green Revolution.
1963 – Restriction endonuclease isolated from E. coli.
______________________________
1963 – Wheat varieties Sonalika f Kalyan Sona (High yield & Disease resistant ) introduced in INDIA.
1966 – Derived semi-dwarf varieties of rice introduced in India.
1969 – R.H. Whittaker proposed FIVE-KINGDOM Classification
1971 – Discovery of viroids by T.O. Diener
– Govt. of India legalised MTP.
1972 – Fluid Mosaic Model of the plasma membrane by Singer & Nicolson
– 1st recombinant DNA developed by Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer
– National Committee for environmental planning and Coordination was established.
– Wildlife protection act in India.
1974 – Water Act. & also Chipko movement
1980 – Joint Forest movement
1981 – Air act.
– AIDS was fired reported
– Intrinsic growth rate of India (r= 0.0205)
1983 – Eli Lilly American company human Insulin from E. coli.
1984 – Bhopal Tragedy
– Ministry of Environment and Forest.
1986 – Environment Act (NEPA)
1987 – Noise included in air pollution
– Montreal protocol (Canada)
1988 – National Forest Policy
1989 – Montreal Protocol became effective.
1990 – Delhi ranked 4th among 41 most polluted cities.
1990 – First clinical gene therapy was given to 14 yr old girl with ADA deficiency eye.
**Human Genome Project (HGP) launched**